Weekly Crossword: May 5 - May 9, 2025
- Ontario Métis Facts
- May 10
- 5 min read
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MNO’s Founding Delegates Assembly
On October 20, 1993, the Métis Nation of Ontario was established as a Métis-specific government in Ontario. This historic move was celebrated and embraced by Métis Nation leaders from across the Homeland, as seen just 19 days later, on November 8, 1993, when the Métis National Council Executive issued a press release announcing that it had unanimously “recognized the Métis Nation of Ontario as the representative organization of the Métis people of Ontario.”
The following spring, the Métis Nation of Ontario held its historic Founding Delegates Assembly from May 5 to 7, 1994 at the 519 Church Street Community Centre in Toronto.
The MNO’s Founding Delegates Assembly followed the MNO’s official founding statement in October 1993 and announcement of its inaugural Interim Board of Directors—the Provisional Council of the Métis Nation of Ontario—made up of fifteen Métis leaders from historic Métis communities in both Ontario and the prairies.
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“Métis leaders from throughout Ontario”
The Métis Nation of Ontario’s Founding Delegates Assembly was held from May 5 to 7, 1994 at the 519 Church Street Community Centre in Toronto, following the announcement of MNO’s founding and inaugural Interim Board of Directors—the Provisional Council of the Métis Nation of Ontario—on October 20, 1993.
The MNO’s Founding Delegates Assembly was attended by “Métis leaders from throughout Ontario”. Founding Delegates from the seven historic Métis communities in northern Ontario were present, including those from the historic Northwestern Ontario, Northern Superior, Sault Ste. Marie, Georgian Bay, Abitibi Inland, and Mattawa Métis Communities. Founding Delegates also included Métis with ancestral connections to more western parts of the Homeland, who had moved to Ontario.
Dignitaries from the Métis governments in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta also attended.
Among those in attendance at the MNO’s 1994 Founding Delegates Assembly were the family of Steve Powley, whose harvesting charges by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources from the previous autumn would eventually lead to the Métis Nation’s landmark Métis rights victory at the Supreme Court of Canada a decade later.
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MNO’s Founding Métis Values
The Métis Nation of Ontario’s Founding Delegates Assembly was held from May 5 to 7, 1994, and included Founding Delegates from the seven historic Métis communities in northern Ontario as well as Métis with ancestral connections to more western parts of the Homeland who lived in Ontario at that time.
Throughout the Assembly, Founding Delegates received several presentations, including those from leadership and their supporting legal counsel, and debated and passed numerous motions related to core Métis self-government issues like citizenship, elections, rights, and reporting.
Among the motions passed at the MNO’s 1994 Founding Delegates Assembly was a list of founding Métis values that would help to guide the MNO’s future growth and direction. These founding Métis values included:
Democracy
Long-term decision
Equality
Community
Fairness and justice and humanitarianism
Education and learning
Land and resources
Self-sufficiency
Cooperativeness
Family building for our nation
Expression of our culture
Honesty
Many of these founding Métis values would become further enshrined within the Métis Nation of Ontario’s Statement of Prime Purpose, which continues to guide the MNO’s governance and decision-making to this day.
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MNO’s Founding Citizenship Definition
The Métis Nation of Ontario’s Founding Delegates Assembly, held May 5 to 7, 1994, included delegates from the seven historic Métis communities in northern Ontario as well as Métis with ancestral connections to more western parts of the Homeland who lived in Ontario at that time.
Among the many motions passed by Founding Delegates related to core Métis rights and self-government issues were criteria for citizenship within the Métis Nation of Ontario, which stated that:
“A person is entitled to be registered as a citizen of the Métis Nation of Ontario who: is alive, self-identifies as Métis, is distinct from Indian or Inuit; has genealogical ties to Aboriginal ancestry, is accepted by the Métis Nation of Ontario [and] is not enrolled on any other Aboriginal Registry.”
This founding definition for Métis Nation of Ontario citizenship was carried unanimously. Since 1994, the MNO’s citizenship criteria has further evolved in advancement of its aims and objectives, based on the will and direction of its citizens, through the MNO’s democratic self-government structures, including various MNO Annual General Assemblies.
For example, in the years following MNO’s founding, in anticipation of the landmark Métis rights case, R. v. Powley, being heard by the Supreme Court of Canada, the MNO worked alongside other Métis Nation governments including the Manitoba Métis Federation, the Métis Nation-Saskatchewan, and the Métis Nation of Alberta, to develop and unanimously adopt the 2002 National Definition for Métis citizenship. As outlined in the National Definition:
“Métis means a person who self-identifies as Métis, is distinct from other Aboriginal peoples, is of historic Métis Nation ancestry, and is accepted by the Métis Nation.”
The MNO formally adopted the National Definition for Métis citizenship in 2004 and implemented a registration process for all its citizens consistent with both the National Definition and Powley test criteria which remains in effect to this day.
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Métis Leaders Attend First MNO Assembly
The Métis Nation of Ontario’s Founding Delegates Assembly was held from May 5 to 7, 1994 and included delegates from the seven historic Métis communities in northern Ontario as well as Métis with ancestral connections to more western parts of the Homeland who lived in Ontario at that time.
During the Assembly, Founding Delegates debated and adopted numerous resolutions advancing Métis self-government in the province of Ontario, including a list of guiding Métis values and criteria for citizenship within the newly established MNO.
The Métis Nation of Ontario’s Founding Delegates Assembly was also attended and witnessed by other prominent Métis Nation leaders and Métis government representatives from across the Homeland. These Métis Nation dignitaries included Métis National Council President Gerald Morin, Métis Nation of Alberta representative Gerald Thom, and past Manitoba Métis Federation President Yvon Dumont.
This strong show of unity from Métis Nation leadership at the MNO’s Founding Delegates Assembly built upon the Métis National Council’s recent endorsement of the Métis Nation of Ontario as “the representative organization of the Métis people of Ontario”, which included a November 8, 1993 press release stating:
“We congratulate the Métis Nation of Ontario and give them our full support”.
