As the fur trade around Moose Factory expanded in the early 19th century, clear communication and adaptability became critical to its success; skills that many Métis like William Polson brought to their work each day. After beginning his career with the Hudson’s Bay Company in 1807, William Polson became an interpreter for the HBC’s Abitibi region operations in 1821. Polson’s knowledge of multiple languages and the region’s geography made him a valuable asset to the Company,

Jane Renton was one of the many Métis women who played an essential role in the economic and social development of her Abitibi Inland Métis Community through her specialized skills and knowledge of northern Ontario’s lands, waters, plants, and wildlife. Raised around trading posts where her father worked, Jane developed a strong understanding of the fur trade and the responsibilities that came with life in a Métis trading community. Her familiarity with both Indigenous and Eu

Like many Métis women of the fur trade era, Emma Turner (nee good) employed her knowledge of the lands, waters, plants, and wildlife around western James Bay to sustain her family and community well beyond their home at Moose Factory. Complementing her husband Joseph’s work with the Hudson’s Bay Company, Emma was far more than a helper. She was an active participant, actively securing, preserving and preparing vital food supplies. An 1812 report from a Hudson’s Bay Company

Mary Minnie Vincent, daughter of Abitibi Inland Métis Community leader Thomas Vincent, was recorded in the 1921 census living in Chapleau with her husband and children. In the same 1921 census record, Mary Minnie is recorded as speaking both English and “Indian.” This ability to move between languages reflects how historically the Métis people were polylingual. In the case of Mary Minnie, it also highlights the important role many Métis women held within their families, comm

Sara Mary Moore was born in Moose Factory in 1818. Her Métis father, George Moore Jr., was a steersman with the Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC), who had entered the company’s employ as a labourer half a decade earlier. George and his wife, Emma, raised Sara Mary within the vibrant Métis fur trade world of traders, guides, and woodsmen along western James Bay. In 1833, George briefly moved east “to Canada” before retiring to the Red River in 1834. Then, about 16, Sara Mary moved

Métis women played an essential role in provisioning the fur trade posts of the Abitibi Inland and western James Bay regions. Métis women from the Abitibi Inland Métis Community are documented hunting, trapping, and snaring a variety of birds and game, including geese, partridges, beaver, martins, and rabbits. Fishing—especially for whitefish—was common too. In addition to hunting, snaring, and fishing, Métis women actively participated in maple sugar production, as well as o